Glossary term
Absorptive Capacity of the Environment: Meaning and Definition
Reviewed and approved by Dr. Anamika ShrivastavaPublished Last updated
Absorptive capacity is the ability of the environment to absorb degradation, such as waste and pollution, without lasting harm. As long as the waste generated stays within this limit, the environment cleans itself. When waste exceeds it, the environment fails to perform its function of life support.
In more detail
Earlier, when populations were small, waste was well within the environment’s capacity, so pollution was not a problem. With larger populations and industry, waste now outstrips the capacity in many places. Controlling pollution at the source, treating waste and moving to cleaner technology all aim to keep waste within this limit.
Example
A river can break down a small amount of sewage. If a city dumps more than the river can handle, the water becomes polluted and fish die.
Key points
- One of the environment’s functions: assimilating waste.
- Linked with carrying capacity.
- Exceeded by population growth and industry.
Common mistake
Assuming the environment can absorb any amount of waste.
Related terms
Carrying capacitySustainable development
Where it is explained
This term is explained in Class 11 Indian Economic Development Chapter 9: Environment and Sustainable Development.